What is Enameled Wire?

What is Enameled Wire?

Enameled wire, also known as wound wire or coil insulated wire, is an insulating material widely used in the manufacture of electrical products. It must meet the requirements of various uses and manufacturing processes. These requirements include the shape and size of the enameled wire, and its ability to work at high temperatures for short and long periods of time. On some special occasions, the enameled wire needs to be able to withstand strong vibration and centrifugal force at high speed or withstand corona and breakdown under high voltage. In addition, enameled wires need to be able to withstand chemical corrosion under special atmospheric conditions.

In addition to the above physical performance requirements, the enameled wire also needs to be able to withstand mechanical stress such as stretching, bending, and abrasion during the manufacturing process. At the same time, in the process of dipping and drying, the enameled wire also needs to be able to withstand phenomena such as expansion and erosion.

According to the basic composition of enameled wire, conductive core wire, and electrical insulation layer, enameled wire can be classified. In general, enameled wires can be classified according to the insulating material used and the method of manufacture. For example, enameled wire, wound wire, enameled wire, and inorganic insulated wire are common classifications.

The manufacturing process of enameled wire is relatively complicated. First, the corresponding lacquer liquid is applied to the conductor, then the solvent is evaporated, and the lacquer film is cured and cooled. According to the different insulating enamel used, the enameled wire can be divided into various types, such as polyester enameled wire, polyester imide enameled wire, polyamide-imide enameled wire, polyimide enameled wire, etc. Sometimes, it is also classified according to the particularity of its use, such as self-adhesive enameled wire, refrigerant-resistant enameled wire, etc.

The earliest enameled wire is oily enameled wire, which is made of tung oil and so on. However, due to the poor abrasion resistance of the paint film, this type of enameled wire cannot be directly used to manufacture motor coils and windings. Therefore, it needs to be wrapped with cotton yarn when used. Later, the advent of polyvinyl formal enameled wire greatly improved its mechanical properties, so that it can be directly used in motor windings, known as high-strength enameled wire.

With the development of weak current technology, self-adhesive enameled wire appeared. This type of enameled wire does not require dipping and baking to obtain coils with better integrity. However, due to its poor mechanical strength, it can only be used in micro motors and small motors. In addition, in order to avoid the trouble of removing the paint film when soldering, a direct soldering enameled wire has been developed. In the high-temperature tin enameled bath, the paint film can fall off by itself, making the copper wire easy to fall off and solder.

Composite enameled wire is a new type of enameled wire developed in recent years. Its inner and outer paint films are composed of different polymer materials, such as polyetherimide/polyamide-imide enameled wire.

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